 |
customer@davidpublishing.com |
 |
3275638434 |
 |
 |
| Paper Publishing WeChat |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Sam Osmanagich
Full-Text PDF
XML 125 Views
DOI:10.17265/2159-550X/2026.06.004
Archaeological Park: Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun Foundation, Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina
This article introduces a predictive archaeology framework developed through a cumulative series of geometric and statistical investigations in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids near Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Eight previously published studies have established, in sequence, that the valley exhibits non-random spatial structure: Fibonacci-based spiral geometry, straight-line alignments, near-equilateral triangular configurations, and cardinal orientations. Each layer of evidence was subjected to Monte Carlo null-model testing, with consistent results indicating that the observed configurations are statistically unlikely to arise by chance. Building on this validated geometric model, the present study applies a predictive methodology: If the known monuments of the valley—the Bosnian Pyramids of the Sun, Moon, Dragon, and Love; the Temple of Mother Earth; the Tumulus in Vratnica; and the Ravne underground tunnel network—are nodes within a planned spatial system, then the geometry of that system should predict the existence and approximate location of additional, as-yet-unconfirmed monumental features. A quantified inventory of 13 collinear alignments (maximum deviation ≤3%) and two near-equilateral triangular configurations is presented as the evidentiary base. Five candidate sites are evaluated: Dragon Head (43°59'06'' N, 18°11'57'' E), proposed as a sixth pyramid-form structure, and four tumulus-class monuments at Smreke, Bedem, Četnica, and Krtnica. For each candidate, positional correspondence with Fibonacci spiral trajectories, linear alignments, and cardinal geometric axes is assessed against the established coordinate framework. The results indicate that all five candidates occupy positions consistent with the predictive geometric framework, including the exceptionally precise Sun-Vratnica-Krtnica alignment (0.05% collinearity error) and the Sun-Dragon-Smreke near-equilateral triangle (97.72% equilateral similarity). These findings support the utility of geometric modeling as a prospective tool in archaeological investigation.
predictive archaeology, Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids, Fibonacci spiral, spatial modeling, landscape geometry
Sam Osmanagich. (2026). Predictive Archaeology and the Reconstruction of Hidden History in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids. History Research, June 2026, Vol. 8, No. 6, 338-354.
Aveni, A. F. (2001). Skywatchers of ancient Mexico (2nd ed.). Austin: University of Texas Press.
Dash, G. (2013). The orientation of the pyramids. Journal of Ancient Egyptian Architecture, 1, 1-7.
Hewitt, R. J., Wenban-Smith, F. F., & Bates, M. R. (2020). Detecting associations between archaeological site distributions and landscape features: A Monte Carlo simulation approach for the R environment. Geosciences, 10(9), 326. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10090326
Kvamme, K. L. (1988). Development and testing of quantitative models. In W. J. Judge and L. Sebastian (Eds.), Quantifying the present and predicting the past: Theory, method, and application of archaeological predictive modeling (pp. 325-428). U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management.
Magli, G. (2013). Architecture, astronomy and sacred landscape in ancient Egypt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139424554
Nell, E., & Ruggles, C. (2014). The orientations of the Giza pyramids and associated structures. Journal for the History of Astronomy, 45(3), 304-360. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/0021828614533065
Osmanagich, S. (2025a). Multidisciplinary evaluation of the pyramid-shaped formation near Visoko, Bosnia-Herzegovina: A case for anthropogenic construction. Journal of Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences, 6(5), 503-529. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres2106
Osmanagich, S. (2025b). Spiral geometry in ancient design: Evidence of Fibonacci proportions in the Egyptian and Bosnian pyramids. Acta Scientific Environmental Sciences, 2(1), 1-23. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20548857
Osmanagich, S. (2025c). True north across civilizations: Comparative study of pyramid alignments on five continents. Acta Scientific Environmental Sciences, 2(1), 57-67. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17505636
Osmanagich, S. (2025d). Golden geometry revealed: The Fibonacci link between the Pleiades and the Bosnian Pyramids. International Journal of Aerospace Science, Technology and Engineering, 1(1), 1-22. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33140/ijaste.01.01.05
Osmanagich, S. (2025e). Geometric and statistical modeling of large-scale spatial similarity using Fibonacci-based metrics: A case study of terrestrial and celestial point networks. International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications, 15(6), 9-25. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcsea.2025.15602
Osmanagich, S. (2026). Reconstructing history through geometry: The Bosnian Pyramid of Love as a spatial and cultural node in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids. History Research, 8(4), 203-218. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-550X/2026.04.002
Osmanagich, S., Guzzinati, M., & Hoyle, R. (2026a). When landscape becomes geometry: Fibonacci spiral patterning anchored at the Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun. International Journal of Geosciences, 17(2), 112-138. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2026.172007
Osmanagich, S., Guzzinati, M., & Hoyle, R. (2026b). When landscape becomes geometry II: Multi-anchor Fibonacci spiral modeling in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids. International Journal of Geosciences, 17(3), 215-241. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2026.173011
Ruggles, C. L. N. (1999). Astronomy in prehistoric Britain and Ireland. Haven: Yale University Press.
Verhagen, P., & Whitley, T. G. (2012). Integrating archaeological theory and predictive modeling: A live report from the scene. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 19(1), 49-100. doi:10.1007/s10816-011-9102-7