Strategies for Countering Freezing in Police Operational Activities

Abstract: The term “freezing” refers to an innate defensive reaction characterized by the sudden cessation of all movements (Stote & Fanselow, 2004; Eilam, 2005). The freezing effect involving a police officer exposes him to a risk to himself and others. Materials and Methods: 400 anonymous questionnaires administered to law enforcement personnel in Switzerland were evaluated with the aim of testing their knowledge about the freezing phenomenon. In addition, semi-structured interviews involving police personnel were conducted. The authors also analyzed two cases of police officers who had experienced freezing. Results and Conclusions: From the results obtained, it emerges that freezing is not known to most of the police officers interviewed. Therefore, specific and innovative training seems to be necessary. The authors described the brain mechanisms that are involved in freezing. Innovative integrated training modules have been proposed by applying some neuroscientific knowledge, particularly using the potential of mirror neurons. The authors propose a strategy for supporting police officers who have experienced an episode of freezing. The ultimate goal is to provide more scientific tools to protect police officers and civilians.

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