Understanding E-Learning Challenges Experienced During Covid-19: A Case Study of Bishop Hannington Institute (BHI), Mombasa

E-learning involves programs that use the internet to allow instructional material beyond classroom walls for interaction between educators and the learners. It is powerful tool in education if the right pedagogy is used. The purpose of the study was to interrogate types of e-learning modes, impact, success and challenges of e-learning at Bishop Hannington Institute of Theology and Development, Mombasa. The study adopted desk top research by observation of students and educators use of e-learning at BHI (Mombasa) and analyzed documents, books, journals on the patterns of e-learning in relation to BHI. The study reviewed the synchronous and asynchronous types of e-learning modes. Additionally, the study evaluated advantages and disadvantages of e-learning at BHI. The study aim was to give information to other universities, middle level colleges and secondary schools on the place of e-learning in modern education patterns and how best it can be improved. The study created awareness to the educators, students and the general public the need for e-learning.

Angeli, C., & Valanides, N. (2009). Epistemological and methodological issues for the conceptualization, development, and assessment of ICT-TPCK: Advances in technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK).Computers & Education,52(1), 154-168.

Appana, S. (2008). A review of benefits and limitations of online learning in the context of the student, the instructor, and the tenured faculty. International Journal on E-Learning, 7(1), 5-22.

Aslanian, C. B., & Clinefelter, D. L. (2012). Online college students 2012: Comprehensive data on demands and preferences. Louisville, KY: The Learning House, Inc.

Baker, E. L., & O’Neil, H. F. (2003). Technological fluency: Needed skills for the future. In H. F. O’Neil and R. S. Perez (Eds.), Technology applications in education: A learning view (pp. 245-265). Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Publishers.

Boit, J. M., & Kipkoech, L. C. (2012). Liberalization of higher education in Kenya: Challenges and prospects. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 1(2), 44-53.

Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). E-Learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines for consumers and designers of multimedia learning. NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Fletcher, K. E. (2003). Childhood posttraumatic stress disorder. In E. J. Mash and R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Child psychopathology (pp. 330-371). New York: Guilford Press.

Gudo, C. O., Olel, M. A., & Oanda, I. O. (2011). University expansion in Kenya and issues of quality education: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(20), 203-214.

Hollow, D., & ICWE. (2009). E-Learning in Africa: Challenges, priorities and future direction. Retrieved from http://www.gg.rhul.ac.uk/ict4d/workingpapers/Hollowelearning.pdf

Kamba, M. A. (2009). Problems, challenges and benefits of implementing e-learning in Nigerian universities: An empirical study. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 4(1), 66-69.

Kasse, J. P., & Balunywa, W. (2013). An assessment of e-learning utilization by a section of Ugandan universities: Challenges, success factors and way forward. Proceedings from the International Conference on ICT for Africa 2013. February, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Kiptalam, G., & Rodrigues, A. (2010). Accessibility and utilization of ICTs among secondary school teachers in Kenya. Kenya: Aga Khan University.

Mayer, R. (2001). Multimedia learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

McNeely, B. (2005). Using technology as a learning tool, not just the cool new thing. Retrieved from https://www.educause.edu/ research-and-publications/books/educating-net-generation/using-technology-learning-tool-not-just-cool-new-thing

Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054.

Ndume, V., Tilya, F. N., & Twaakyondo, H. (2008). Challenges of adaptive e-learning at higher learning institutions: A case study in Tanzania. International Journal of Computing and ICT Research, 2(1), 47-59.

Nichols, M. (2020). Transforming universities with digital distance education: The future of formal learning. London: Routledge.

Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1-22.

Sife, A. S., Lwoga, E. T., & Sanga, C. (2007). New technologies for teaching and learning: Challenges for higher learning institutions in developing countries. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 3(2), 57-67.

Walimbwa, M. (2008). Integrating e-learning in teaching and research in upcoming East African regional universities. Proceedings from the Meeting CNIE. Banff, Alberta, Canada.