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Aquatic Toxicity Studies of Titanium Dioxide and Silver Nanoparticles Using Artemia franciscana Nauplii and Daphnia magna



Author(s)

Jocelyn P. Reyes¹, John Darryl B. Lagdameo², Josefina R. Celorico¹, Ronaniel A. Almeda^2,3, Milagros M. Peralta^2,4 and Blessie A. Basilia¹

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DOI:10.17265/2161-6213/2021.10-12.001

1. Department of Science and Technology, Industrial Technology Development Institute (DOST-ITDI), Gen. Santos Avenue, Taguig City 1631, Philippines
2. Nanotechnology Program, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines
3. Agricultural Bio-Process Division, Institute of Agro-Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031, Philippines
4. Institute of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines, Los Baños (UPLB), Laguna 4031, Philippines

Manufactured nanomaterials are expected to enter the environment due to the increasing number of productions which results in anthropological discharges coming from different effluents and seepages. This event poses potential threat to the environment especially in the aquatic systems. TiO₂ (titanium dioxide) and AgNPs (silver nanoparticles) have significant potential in antibacterial and antiparasitic applications, but despite their significant potential, the toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles such as TiO₂ and AgNPs restricts their use especially in humans due to their toxicity. In this study, the behavior and toxicity of TiO₂ and AgNPs were investigated in aquatic system using Artemia franciscana nauplii and Daphnia magna. Nauplii and Daphnia were exposed to TiO₂ and AgNP dispersions at different concentrations. The mortality rates of the nauplii and daphnia were monitored at 6, 24, and 48 h after its exposure. Saltwater results showed that AgNP is highly toxic to the test organisms while TiO₂ was non-toxic after 48 h of exposure. For freshwater, 100% mortality rate on neonates was obtained from the AgNPs dispersion during the first 6 h of exposure while the mortality rate in TiO₂ dispersion was 85% at 100 ppm after 48 h of exposure.

Toxicity, risk-assessment, saltwater, freshwater, Artemia franciscana nauplii, Daphnia magna.