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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
The Rise of China with Cultural Soft Power in the Age of Globalization
Author(s)
WU You
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5836/2018.05.006
Affiliation(s)
School of Foreign Studies/ Center for Global Studies, Shanghai University
ABSTRACT
Culture has been exerting an even greater influence on China’s image construction and nation branding in today’s globalizing world. As “culture” is the core of Chinese soft power strategy, the concept of “soft power” has been redefined as “cultural soft power” in the Chinese context. Cultural instruments, including the Chinese language as well as traditional and popular cultures, are widely implemented as the “charm” tools to wield and project China’s soft power. Cultural diplomacy is also viewed as an effective way to promote an understanding of China’s ideals, support Chinese economic goals and enhance Chinese national security in subtle, wide-ranging, and sustainable ways. Although Chinese soft power is still in its “embryonic phase”, partly due to its close link to the country’s economic performance and huge market attraction as well as the disadvantages generated by the political and ideological issues, it has contributed greatly to expand China’s international influence and create a circle of like-minded allies on its periphery, in which process its increasing importance shall not be neglected.
KEYWORDS
Chinese culture, soft power, cultural influence, cultural diplomacy, globalization
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References
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Barr, M. (2011). Who’s afraid of China? The challenge of Chinese soft power. London and New York: Zed Books.
Buszynski, L. (2009). Sino-Japanese relations: Interdependence, rivalry and regional security. Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Journal of International and Strategic Affairs, 31(1).
Chen, J. F. (2009). The practice of the mean: China’s soft power cultivation. In M. J. Li (Ed.), Soft Power: China’s emerging strategy in international politics. Plymouth: Lexington Books.
Chen, J. M. (2018). The Motivations for China’s New PEriphery STrategy. November 18th, 2013, Retrieved from http://www.chinausfocus.com/foreign-policy/the-motivations-for-chinas-new-periphery-strategy, accessed on January 19th,.
Chen, Y. G. (2007). Build China’s Soft Power within the Context of GLobalization (试论全球化背景下中国软实力的构建). International Review (国际观察), (2).
D’Hooghe, I. (2011). The expansion of China’s public diplomacy system. Soft Power in China: Public diplomacy through communication. Palgrave Macmillan US.
Deng, X. G., & Zhang, L. N. (2009). China’s Cultural Exports and its Growing Cultural Power in the World. In M. J. Li (Ed.), Soft power: China’s emerging strategy in international politics. Lexington Books.
Fan, S.-P. (2010). The effects of China’s tourism diplomacy and a “United Front”. China: An International Journal, 8(2).
Gill, B., & Huang, Y. Z. (2006). Sources and limits of Chinese “soft power”. Survival, 48(2).
Glaser, B. S., & Melissa, E. M. (2009). Soft power with Chinese characteristics: The ongoing debate. In C. McGiffert (Ed.), Chinese soft power and its implications for the United States: Competition and cooperation in the developing world. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Guo, J. M. (2012). From state soft strength to international soft power: Directions and approaches of promoting Chinese soft strength construction (从国家“软实力”到国际“软权力”—中国推进软力量建设的方向和路径). Academic Monthly (学术月刊), 44(3).
Heng, Y.-K. (2010). Mirror, mirror on the wall, who is the softest of them all? Evaluating Japanese and Chinese strategies in the “Soft” power competition Era. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 10(2).
Hu, J. (2011). Cultural soft power: China’s perspective” (文化软实力研究: 中国的视角). Social Science (社会科学), (5).
Huang, C.-H. (2013). China’s soft power in east Asia: A quest for status and influence? The national bureau of Asian research NBR special report, 42.
Jia, L. L. (2007). Major components of national cultural soft power (国家文化软实力的主要构成). Guangming Daily (光明日报), December 7th,.
Jiang, L. (2012). Construction of China’s Soft Power: Advantage, Deficiency and Lifting Countermeasure (中国软实力：优势不足提升策略). In Collection of the 7th international workshop on soft sciences, China Volume(第七届软科学国际研讨会论文集中国卷).
Keane, M. (2006). Created in China: The new catch up strategy.” Proceedings International Communication Association, Development and Intercultural Communication Panel, Dresden, June 20th.
Keane, M. (2010). Keeping up with the neighbors: China’s soft power ambitions. Cinema Journal, 49(3).
Lee, G. (2010). China’s soft power and changing balance of power in east Asia. Paper presented at a Center for U.S.-Korea Policy workshop, August, Korea.
Li, M. J. (2008). China debates soft power. Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2(2).
Li, S. G. (2010). Will Banning foreign abbreviations help? Beijing Review, May 11th,.
Li, X. G., & Zhou, Q. G. (2005). Soft power and global communication (软实力与全球传播). Beijing: Qinghua University Press (清华大学出版社).
McGiffert, C. (2009). Chinese soft power and its implications for the United States: Competition and cooperation in the developing world. Center for Strategic and International Studies, March.
Ni, X. (2008). CPPCC National Committee Members Discuss How to Strengthen Cultural Soft Power (全国政协委员谈增强文化软实力的着眼点). Guangming Daily (光明日报), January 3rd.
Nye, J. S. (1990). Soft Power. Foreign Policy, (80).
Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to Success in world politics. New York: Public Affairs.
Orwell, G. (2018). Politics and the English Language. 1946, http://www.utdallas.edu/~aria/research/resources/orwell.pdf, accessed on January 19th,.
Otmazgin, N. K. (2008). Contesting soft power: Japanese popular culture in east and southeast Asia. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 8.
Pang, Z. Y. (2008). The Beijing Olympics and China’s Soft Power. Brookings Institution, 4th of September. Retrieved from http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2008/09/04-olympics-pang.
Paradise, J. F. (2007). Can China’s Soft Power Offensive Succeed? Asia News Daily, March 5. Retrieved from http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=65078.
Paradise, J. F. (2009). China and international harmony: The role of Confucius institutes in Bolstering Beijing’s soft power.”Asian Survey, 49(4).
Ramo, J. C. (2004). The Beijing consensus. Foreign Policy Institute Report, Retrieved from http://fpc.org.uk/fsblob/244.pdf,
Sutter, R. (2003). Why does China matter? The Washington Quarterly, 27(1).
Wang, H. N. (1993). Culture as national power: soft power (作为国家实力的文化：软权力). Journal of Fudan University (复旦学报), (3).
Wu, Y. (2014). Cultural industry policy and national cultural revival (文化产业政策与民族文化复兴). Studies on MaoZedong and DengXiaoping Theories (毛泽东邓小平理论研究), (12).
Xi, J. P. (2017). Secure a Decisive Victory in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Strive for the Great Success of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (The Report Delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, English Version), October 18.
Yan, X. T. (2007). The Core of Soft Power is Political Power (软实力的核心是政治实力). Global News (环球时报), May 22nd.
Yong, D. (2009). The new hard realities: “Soft Power” and China in transition. In M. J. Li (Ed.), Soft power: China’s emerging strategy in international politics. Lexington Books.
Zakaria, F. (2005). The U.S. Can Out-Charm China. Newsweek, December 12,.
Zhang, X. L. (2010). China’s international broadcasting: A case study of CCTV international. In J. Wang (Ed.), Soft power in China: Public diplomacy through communication. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Zhang, Y. J. (2009). The discourse of China’s soft power and its discontents. In M. J. Li (Ed.), Soft power: China’s emerging strategy in international politics. Lexington Books.
Zhao, L. (2007). Increase of China’s soft power raises attention” (中国软实力提升引人关注). Forum of Chinese Party and Government Officials (中国党政干部论坛), (1).
Zhao, S. S. (2009). The prospect of China’s soft power: How sustainable? In In M. J. Li (Ed.), Soft power: China’s emerging strategy in international politics. Lexington Books.
Zheng, Y. N., & Zhang, C. (2007). Soft power in international politics and the implications for China (国际政治中的软力量以及对中国软力量的观察). World Economics and Politics (国际经济与政治), (7).
Zhou, Y. (2006). Assessing China’s soft power diplomacy and its implications on Asia cooperation. Power, 48(2).