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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Transfatty Acids (TFAs) in Cord Blood and Cord Tissue, in France
Author(s)
Claude Billeaud1, Nicole Combe2, Leslie Couedelo2, Wafae Belcadi1, Dominique Dallay3, Jean-Joel Leng3 and Carole Vaysse1
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5828/2017.09.001
Affiliation(s)
1. CIC Pédiatrique, CHU Pellegrin, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
2 .ITERG, Laboratoire de Nutrition Métabolisme et Santé, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
3. Services de Gynécologie-obstétrique, Maternité Pellegrin, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33000, France
ABSTRACT
Background: Recent studies
suggest that dietary transfatty acids (TFAs) at relative high levels (i) increase the risk of
coronary heart disease, (ii) inhibit the metabolism of linoleic acid and
consequently increase requirement for essential fatty acids (EFAs). The aim of
this prospective study was to estimate TFAs the placental transfer of TFAs to
the foetus
cord blood and cord tissues in France. Material: TFAs consumption was measured in 59
mother-foetus couples. TFAs transferring across the placenta were estimated by comparative measurement (Capillary Gaz
Chromatography) of TFAs in mother’s blood lipids (n
= 59), cord blood lipids and cord tissue plasma lipids
(n = 25) cord red blood
tissue (n = 25) and umbilical
vessels (n = 15). Results-Discussion:
TFA deposition in cord blood is 0.58% slightly lower than mother level. TFAs incorporation
in total lips of cord show selectivity of transfer with lower 18:1 t in cord blood and
preferential transfer of diene 18:2 tc in cord blood.
There is competition between the 18:2 tc in cholesterol
esters (CE) with the linolenic
acid and a negative correlation in PLT of arterial tissues with the 18:2 tc and C20:4 n-6 or arachidonic acid (AA), then there is the
same competition in PE of venous tissue.
But there is no effect on growth in our population of
term newborn. Conclusions: Our
results confirm the placental TFAs transfer, a better incorporation in the
fetus CE; we demonstrated a selective transfer for the 18:2 9 trans 12
cis
(18:2 tc) and a negative correlation (r = -0.76) with the linoleic
acid and AA (r = 0.98). This
competition, and the presence of these TFAs in cord tissues, even at a low TFAs
consumption, remind us to be a potential risk for the fetus concerning EFA
metabolism and growth.
KEYWORDS
TFAs, pregnancy, cord blood and tissues, neonate, diet.
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