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From the Observer of History to the Maker of History: Angelo Roncalli, Charles Borromeo, the Council of Trent and the Consequences for Vatican II



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Max Vodola Catholic Theological College, University of Divinity

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DOI:10.17265/2159-550X/2017.01.004

Fifty years after the conclusion of Vatican II, debate still continues regarding the Council, its legacy and interpretation. The now-canonised Pope John XXIII surprised many by his sudden decision to summon Vatican II in 1959 soon after his election; it was not anticipated that a “transitional” pope would make such an audacious and daring decision that would have such major historical implications for the Catholic Church. However, John XXIII’s “surprise” decision came after decades of research, scholarship, and reflection on the Council of Trent especially the pastoral reforms instituted by St Charles Borromeo. Angelo Roncalli’s study of Borromeo’s apostolic visitation to the diocese of Bergamo in 1575 was decisive in shaping the historical framework that guided his ideas, his language, and style of leadership.

Angelo Roncalli/John XXIII, Second Vatican Council, St Charles Borromeo, Council of Trent, pastoral reform