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Article
Affiliation(s)

1. Centre for Automotive Energy Materials, International Advanced Research Center for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
2. Centre for Laser Processing of Materials, International Advanced Research Center for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI), Balapur, Hyderabad 500005, India

ABSTRACT

Similar joining of highly thermal conductive and optical reflective aluminum alloy Al 3003 and SS alloy SS316 for hermetic sealing of lithium-ion cell casing application has been investigated using Nd:YAG pulsed laser welding. Microstructural investigations were carried out to characterize the welding zone interface by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Industrial X-ray 3D computed tomography was carried out on the welding zone to identify the defects such as spatters, gas voids, recast and tapers. It was found that spatters exist in weld zone of SS316L lid and case and show higher hardness (HV 200-210) in the weld area compared to the base metal (HV-175-10) due to fine-grained microstructure. In the case of Al 3003, the laser welding parameters were optimized to obtain 100% joint efficiency with defect free weld zone, and the hardness behavior was dictated by grain size and annealing effects. Furthermore, the welded casings of the cylindrical cells of Li-ion battery were subjected to He-leak detection to ascertain the hermiticity.

KEYWORDS

Laser welding, lithium-ion batteries, aluminum alloys, hardness, microstructure, X-ray 3D computed tomography,
He-leak detection.

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