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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Heat Transfer Validation and Comparative Evaluation of Biochar Yield from Pyrolysis Cook Stove
Author(s)
Teka Tesfaye Mengesha1 and Ancha Venkata Ramayya2
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DOI:10.17265/2161-6264/2015.06.004
Affiliation(s)
1. Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Jimma Agricultural Engineering Research Center, P.O. Box 386, Jimma, Ethiopia
2. Jimma University Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
ABSTRACT
The developing world still largely depends on biomass, such as wood, animal
dung and agricultural waste for domestic fuel sources that are typically burned
in traditional stoves. Ethiopia has different biomass resource for biochar
production, through pyrolysis cook stove co-producing biochar. Coffee husks are
the major solid residues from the handling and processing of coffee in the
study area. This study was to evaluate the
biochar co-producing pyrolysis cook stove with respect to heat transfer through
the bed and biochar yield. From allothermal type of pyrolysis cook stove,
the stove design was selected for both the computational fluid dynamic (CFD)
simulation and experimental measurements. ANSYS 14.5 was used for CFD simulation of the wood
combustion. The
production of biochar from coffee husk, corncob and sawdust at different
heating times, bed and stove surface temperature were undertaken. Bulk density,
pH and surface area of the biochar were measured. While good agreement between
simulation and experimental result was obtained in the conduction phase during
pyrolysis, deviation between the two on account of the effect of volatile gas
in changing the temperature trend within the biomass bed was noticed. Within
the biomass type, the maximum mean biochar yield (38.91%) was
seen from coffee husk. In the case of different stove designs,
the minimum
mean biochar yield (27.11%) was found from normal Anila stove. The pH of biochar is
found to be significantly affected by the type of biomass (9.83 mean for corncob
and coffee husk, 6.43 mean for sawdust), heating time (9.19 mean for 90 min and
8.01 mean for 30 min) and stove type (9.52 mean for normal Anila and 8.01 mean for
flangeless Anila continuous feeding type). In fact, the type of biomass is
observed to significantly affect the bulk density and surface area of biochar.
KEYWORDS
Biochar, temperature, cook stove, biomass, pyrolysis, soil, CFD simulation.
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