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Percy Mabvuto Ngwira, Oluwatoyin Dare Kolawole, Joseph E. Mbaiwa
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DOI:10.17265/1537-1506/2013.12.001
Percy Mabvuto Ngwira, Ph.D. Candidate, Nebrija Business School, Universidad Nebrija.
Oluwatoyin Dare Kolawole, Senior Research Scholar in Rural Development, Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana.
Joseph E. Mbaiwa, Professor of Tourism Studies, Okavango Research Institute, University of Botswana.
Community based natural resource management (CBNRM) is perhaps the most important tool for driving community and rural development in southern Africa. The paper therefore analyses the CBNRM framework as a strategy for implementing sustainable tourism and poverty alleviation initiatives in Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia. The article specifically underscores the importance of local-level participatory management and utilisation of natural resources in the region. Paying special attention to the previous researches that have been conducted in Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia, the methodological approach employed in the paper centres on critical discourse analysis and review of literatures to highlight the interface existing between CBNRM and rural (tourism) development. The analytical framework of the paper is thus rooted in the Common Property Resource (CPR) theory. Overall, the authors argue that tourism, poverty alleviation, rural development, and sustainable natural resource use are linked and interrelated in the process of enhancing community well-being. Findings indicate that CBNRM initiatives have had a significant and positive impact in achieving sustainable tourism, rural development, poverty alleviation, and natural resource management. Specifically, findings show that the CBNRM has contributed to the reduction in wildlife poaching. While other pertinent issues remain, national governments in the three southern African economies need to fully appropriate the benefits that CBNRM offers and improve on them for better implementation of developmental programs.
community, institutions, common property, local knowledge, rural development, southern Africa
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