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Charlie Mballa
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DOI:10.17265/2328-2134/2025.06.001
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
In the ever-evolving landscape of global governance, the dynamics of democracy and authoritarianism continue to shape political transitions, yet our conceptual frameworks often lag these transformations. This paper critically examines the prevailing approaches to authoritarianism in sub-Saharan Africa, challenging the conventional view that defines authoritarian states merely as negations of democracy. Through a comparative analysis of four widely recognized democracy indices, the study reveals methodological biases that overlook the nuanced roles of political authority in transitional states. By exploring the intersection of normative and positive analyses, the paper rethinks the teleological assumptions underlying the classification of authoritarian regimes. It proposes an alternative perspective on the relationship between democracy and legitimacy, arguing that this relationship is pivotal in understanding social change in contexts where political alternation is absent. The study aims to provide a more comprehensive framework for assessing political development, one that prioritizes the values and norms critical to structural transformation in Africa. This paper contributes to the debate on power dynamics in autocratic regimes, highlighting how legitimacy acts as a catalyst for democratization. Ultimately, the research seeks to refine our understanding of the mechanisms through which political power operates in sub-Saharan Africa, offering new pathways for evaluating and fostering political change. We hope to contribute to a better assessment of how best to measure the effects and impact of power, while also considering the values and norms that should prevail in assessing structural transformation in Africa and the conditions that should be considered in selecting countries that are considered “politically like-minded”.
authoritarianism, democracy in Africa, democracy index, political development, political legitimacy, social change, state authority
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