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Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Anti-diarrhoeal Property of Astilbe rivularis in Albino Wistar Rats



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Manita Juwarat, Padam Maya Pokhrel, Binita Rai, Sweta Dahal, Pratigya Bhusal and Pratik Khanal

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DOI:10.17265/2328-2150/2023.08.002

Introduction: Diarrhea is characterized by increased water content of the feces, which is usually accompanied by increased frequency of defecation. Diarrhea may be defined as a condition in which fecal mass and its water content are greater than usual. Astilbe rivularis perennial herb about ultimate height around 0.6-2.5 m tall. It is found in Nepal and Vietnam. It is widely distributed in the high mountains areas at 2000-3600 m. All parts of plant are aromatic in odor. In the Astilbe rivularis plants, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, polyphenols, terpenoids are present whereas coumarins is absent. Objective: To perform phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-diarrhoeal property of Astilbe rivularis in albino wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Dried rhizomes of Astilbe rivularis was extracted with ethanol (99.96%) by using Soxhlet apparatus. Castor oil-induced diarrhea was used to evaluate the anti-diarrheal activities of extract in wistar rat. Each experiment consisted of 30 animals randomly but equally divided into groups. Group A was taken as control & the Group B was taken as standard drug Loperamide (2 mg/kg). The ethanol extract of herbal formulation of Astilbe rivularis rhizomes 100 mg/kg were feed to Group C, 200 mg/kg were feed to Group D and 400 mg/kg were feed to Group E respectively. The data were analyzed by using One-way ANOVA. The ethanolic extract of Astilbe rivularis was used to evaluate the gastrointestinal motility by using the enterpooling in the wistar rats. Likewise, the acute toxicity of the drug was evaluated by using the ethanolic extract of Astilbe rivularis in the wistar rat. For the acute toxicity, 2000 mg/kg ethanolic extracts of Astilbe rivularis were given to ten wistar rat for experimental study. Observation and Results: The herbal formulation has significantly decreases the frequency of diarrhea induced by castor oil in wistar rats as compared to the control & standard drug group. Castor oil induced enteropooling in rats when tested at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively. The phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract of Astilbe rivularis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenes, phenols and alkaloids.

Astilbe rivularis, anti-diarrhoeal, castor oil, loperamide, ethanol, wistar.

Juwarat, M., Pokhrel, P. M., Rai, B., et al. 2023. "Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Anti-diarrhoeal Property of Astilbe rivularis in Albino Wistar Rats." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 11 (8): 146-153.