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Article
The Effects of Unemployment on Health in Sub Saharan Africa
Author(s)
Yamben Michel Freddy Harry and Asaah Kangkai Zacheus
Full-Text PDF XML 903 Views
DOI:10.17265/1537-1514/2020.04.003
Affiliation(s)
University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
ABSTRACT
This research
work is an empirical analysis of the relationship between unemployment and
health in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). In examining the impact of unemployment on
health, we firstly made a test of interdependence of our conceptual framework.
Secondly, we used the modified Generalized Methods of Moment (GMM) by Arellano
and Bond (1991) from the econometric perspective to study the link between
unemployment and health. We then resolved the problem of endogeneity by using a
dynamic panel data relative to the study period 2006-2017. After carrying out a
series of tests: test of cross-sectional dependence, stationarity tests,
co-integration tests, test of endogeneity and identification of the model, the
results revealed that the co-integration analysis supports a robust long-run relationship between our variables.
Consequently, a 1% rise in unemployment rate at lag 1 leads to a 0.148%
rise in female, 0.134% rise in male and 0.138% rise in total mortality rates,
and at levels it leads to a 1.166% rise in total mortality rate in middle
income countries. However,
in low income countries, a 1% rise in unemployment rate leads to a 0.166% fall
in total mortality rate. In terms of recommendations, to maintain a low level
of unemployment rate, actions to undertake have to be based on the better
functioning of the labour market, a better flexibility of markets, a health
insurance cover and limiting incitements which depress economic activities.
KEYWORDS
unemployment rate, mortality rates, middle and low income countries, GMM
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