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Article
Author(s)
Fousseyni Cisse1, Jean R. Sangare1, Medoune P. Khouma1, Kang Kyung Ho2 and Baboucarr Manneh2
Full-Text PDF XML 1623 Views
DOI:10.17265/2159-5828/2020.01.002
Affiliation(s)
1. Institut d’Economie Rurale, B.P. 258, Rue Mohamed V, Bamako, Mali
2. AfricaRice Senegal Regional Center, B.P. 96, Saint-Louis, Sénégal
ABSTRACT
Rice productivity is still low in Mali due to many factors such biotic and
abiotic stresses, and the immense rice-growing potential is underutilized. There
is a need to enhance rice productivity through a development of new varieties more
productive and stable. Under the partnership between the Institute of Rural Economy,
AfricaRice and Korea-Africa Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative (KAFACI)
nine new lines selected among 300 fixed lines were evaluated in 8 sites under irrigated
and lowland conditions. The
plant material included 4 KAFACI lines derived from Anther culture (series K), 2
lines from interspecific crosses (series DKA), one line (DKA-M50) from induced mutation
on wild rice (Oryza longistaminata), and other lines from simple crosses. The objective of the study is to
identify genotypes adapted to irrigated, or lowland and/or both conditions. Analysis
of variance revealed the genotypes differed significantly (p < 000.1) at all environments except Kadiolo, Longorola
and Manikoura, which implies that the
geno types constitute a pool of germplasm with adequate genetic variability. Heritability
was high with 0.76 suggesting high component of heritable portion, therefore selection
for the improvement for this trait can be achieved directly based on their phenotypic
performance. The combined analysis of variance indicated significant effects of
environment (p < 000.1), genotype (p < 000.1) and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) (p < 000.1) on grain yield.
The significance of genotype and environment interaction suggests that genotypes
behaved differently in different environment and demonstrated that GEI had remarkable
effect on genotypic performance in different environments. The highest environment
mean grain yield was observed in San (5,197 kg/ha), followed by Baguineda
(4,960 kg/ha). The genotype SIK
442-2-2 was identified as genotype adapted to wider environments, and hereby recommended
for cultivation in Mali. Wild rice derivative genotypes DKA 42, DKA-M50 and DKA
37 exhibited low yield and high stability. These genotypes are more suitable for
breeding specific traits. Analysis also revealed that ARS 100-5-1-B, K150849 and
K150810 exhibited low yield along with low stability. GGE biplot depicted the presence
of three mega environments among the test environments used for evaluation of genotypes
and revealed the nature of mega-environment. Based on this, the test environment
could be grouped into three diverse mega-environments. The environments of Selingué
2, Selingué 1, Manikoura, Mopti and San grouped into the same mega-environment and
the interspecific line SIK 442-2-2 was identified as the best performing and candidate
genotype for this mega-environment. Kadiolo and Longorola grouped into the same
mega-environment with the check variety as candidate genotype for this mega-environment.
In Baguineda mega-environment, K150014 was identified as the best performing genotype.
KEYWORDS
Adaptability, rice, stability, yield.
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