Affiliation(s)
1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, P.O. Box 3643, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
2. Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah 21499, P.O. Box 40047, Saudi Arabia
3. College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia. *Authors contributed equally
ABSTRACT
Background: Hepatitis C is one of
the common types of viral hepatitis that threatens human life worldwide.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-strand RNA virus that has the ability to be
transmitted by contaminated blood products and intravenous drug use. HCV is characterized
by its ability to have a high genetic diversity, which eventually results in
different HCV genotypes and numerous subtypes; however, this genetic variety is
a core reason for the lack of a successful vaccine for these types of viruses. Methods: HCV nucleic acid was isolated
from 597 patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C in Security Forces
Hospital (SFHR) in Riyadh. HCV nucleic acid was extracted to make the
target accessible for amplification and genotype detection. The process of
nucleic acid extraction and amplification was accomplished with the Abbott
Molecular Systems m2000sp and m2000rt using the Abbott RealTime HCV Genotype
II. Results: The findings in
this study illustrated a major prevalence of genotype 4 (60% of cases). The
study also showed a large number of patients (27%) identified as HCV genotype
1. Furthermore, the HCV genotype 1 testing detected subtypes 1a and 1b in a
number of patients. It was also demonstrated that a limited number of hepatitis
C patients had mixed genotypes and undermined genotypes. Conclusion: The study has confirmed
that HCV genotype 4 has a high prevalence when compared to the rest of the
identified genotypes. Furthermore, the majority of identified genotypes and
subtypes were found to be linked with age more than 50 years, which might
indicate an association of HCV genotype detection with age.
KEYWORDS
Hepatitis C, HCV
virus, genotypes.
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