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Article
Author(s)
A. V. Klemper
Full-Text PDF XML 552 Views
DOI:10.17265/2159-5828/2019.02.002
Affiliation(s)
Pharmacognosy Department of St. Petersburg Chemical-Pharmaceutical University, Professor Popov Street, 4/6, St. Petersburg 197277, Russia
ABSTRACT
In the world there are many collections of the pharmaceutical trend. In America,
the exhibits of this profile are in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History
in Washington, in Europe these are collections of pharmacy museums in
Heidelberg (Germany), Krakow and Warsaw (Poland), Basel (Switzerland), Riga
(Latvia), and others. Some of them have many thousands of exhibits. There are
also separate collections of pharmaceutical items for educational institutions,
for example, a collection of old medicinal raw materials in Vigan’s Cabinet, Queen
College, Cambridge (Great Britain). All these meetings, however, have long been
known and described in detail. Most of them do not have a strict orientation
and are presented, along with old medicinal raw materials, as well as tools and
appliances, dishes, books, herbaria and various auxiliary items. All the more
interesting is the collection indicated in the title of the article, which
arose literally from non-existence. She was transferred to the educational
institution at its creation, and this year she, like him, turns a hundred years
old. It has a strict focus and is represented almost exclusively by medicinal
raw materials. Studying the samples of this old collection, as a whole of
medical profile, makes it possible to understand that many plants, which
initially had only food use, gradually became pharmaceutical objects. Probably,
it was the long practice of food use, with the fixing of associated
pharmacological effects in the memory, that became the reason for choosing
certain types of raw materials as medicinal. Ordinary foods, protein and
starchy, began to be perceived as strengthening, mucous—as enveloping and anti-ulcer, some fruits and herbs—as antiscorbutic, sharp—as appetizing and improving the work of the stomach, and so on.
KEYWORDS
Food, medicinal raw materials, collection, old samples.
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