Affiliation(s)
1. Ministry of Industry and Technology Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) Regional Development Administration, Şanlıurfa 63330, Turkey
2. Department of Geological Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey
3. Dept. of Civil Eng., Izmir Inst. of Tech., Izmir 35430, Turkey
ABSTRACT
Irrigated agriculture is the largest consumer of groundwater resources. The interaction between agricultural irrigation
and groundwater resources, both in quantity and quality, is often understood
later than when the adverse effects starts.
For more efficient and sustainable utilization of the limited water resources, improved understanding of how
respond to irrigation is essential. The Southeastern
Anatolia Project (Turkish: GAP) is a major and comprehensive initiative in
Turkey. The GAP was a programme to
develop water and land resources in the region and planned as a package that
comprised 13 individual projects on irrigation and energy production on the
Euphrates-Tigris basins. This project includes irrigation networks for an area
of approximately 1.8 million hectares. One of
the important project sites is Harran Plain
having the biggest groundwater resources and the largest irrigation field in
the GAP region. Harran Plain has 3,700 km2 drainage area, 1,500 km2 plain area and
476,000 hectares of irrigation area.
Before this project, the irrigations could potentially lead to about 2 m/year decline in
groundwater table. After this project application, hydrodynamic system of groundwater has changed. The groundwater
level has risen since 1995 in
plain. In addition hydrodynamic system has been effected groundwater quality.
Results show that a proper irrigation rotation
system can implement an efficient water management over the irrigated areas and
lead smaller groundwater change and its quality.
KEYWORDS
Irrigation system, groundwater, GAP, water management.
Cite this paper
References