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Article
Author(s)
Seif Gasim1, Ishraka Abuanja1, Mohamedsalih Dafalla2 and Abdelwahab Abdalla1
Full-Text PDF XML 489 Views
DOI:10.17265/2161-6264/2018.06.001
Affiliation(s)
1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Sudan
2. Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Sudan
ABSTRACT
Morpho-physiological and genetic studies of salinity are important in
understanding the mechanism of plant adaptation to stressful environment.
Eighteen rice genotypes collected from Sudan and South Sudan, which were never
tested for salt tolerance, as well as two genotypes (FL478 as tolerant check
and IR29 as sensitive check) from the
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), were subjected to salinity stress at seedling stage. Test was carried
out in hydroponic system applying electrical conductivity (EC) 12 dS/m NaCl using randomized
complete block design with three replicates. Most of the genotypes showed
sensitivity to salt stress; one genotype PIPANFARY
RED2 was moderately sensitive and three genotypes MASURY1, MASURY2 and FL478 were tolerant. Salinity
significantly reduced leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weigh and
biomass production (biomass/plant) by 31%, 42%, 60% and 47%,
respectively. Tolerant genotypes accumulated low amount (2.52 g/100 g dry weight (dwt)) of
Na+ in the root, whereas highly sensitive genotypes accumulated high
amount (3.87 g/100 g dwt) of Na+.
Tolerant genotypes showed less reduction in K+ concentration than
the sensitive genotypes. Therefore, they maintained lowest Na+/K+ ratio in the shoot (1.47%) than in the root (3.69%) compared to the intolerant
genotypes (7.49% and 8.49%). The genotypes that showed tolerance to salinity
stress can be used as a source of resistance/tolerance in a breeding program
for rice improvement in uplands areas in semi-arid condition.
KEYWORDS
Rice, salt tolerance, seedling stage, plant tissue.
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