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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Effective Offshore Piling Noise Mitigation in Deep Waters
Author(s)
Karl-Heinz Elmer
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DOI:10.17265/1934-7359/2018.09.006
Affiliation(s)
OffNoise-Solutions GmbH, 31535 Neustadt, Marktstrasse 5, Germany
ABSTRACT
Underwater noise is a
severe annoyance and danger to marine life. The innovative HSD (hydro sound
damper) leads to an effective
general method to reduce underwater noise. HSD was developed and patented between 2007 and 2010 by the
author to reduce general marine noise and especially offshore piling noise. The
theory and the acoustical background of the new noise mitigation method will be
presented. HSD systems use nets
with gas filled elastic balloons and special PE-foam elements with high
dissipative effects to reduce continuous and impact noise. The resonance
frequency of the HSD-elements, the optimum damping rate for impact noise, the
distribution and the effective frequency range can be fully controlled. Offshore tests and
serial applications in offshore wind farms in Germany and Great Britain
demonstrate this new effective way to reduce the very high offshore piling
noise. HSD systems are very
small systems and easy to handle. They are independent of external air supply,
not influenced by tidal currents, not expensive and easy adaptable to different
applications. Underwater noise
reductions by HSD systems
and bubble curtains are measured by an independent acoustics institute when
using the biggest hammers in the world. Achieved results between 14 dB (decibels) (SEL—sound
exposure level) and more than 27
dB (SEL) are presented and discussed.
KEYWORDS
Wind turbines and windfarms, transient or impulsive noise, scattering, resonant absorbers, construction noise, underwater noise mitigation.
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