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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Author(s)
Ruth Terezinha Rodrigues, Márcia Marília de Souza Silva, Douglas Moreira de Oliveira, Josimar Bento Simplício, Cynthia Maria Carneiro Costa and Virginia Medeiros de Siqueira
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DOI:10.17265/2161-6264/2018.05.001
Affiliation(s)
Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, 56909-535, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil
ABSTRACT
Endophytic fungi (EF) colonize plant tissues without causing damage;
this relationship brings benefits to both, including a greater resistance to environmental stresses, but the influence of
genotypes and culture system in endophytic community is still unraveled. Thus,
this work aimed to study EF from Sorghum
bicolor and correlate to its genotypes submitted to different culture
systems; their potential to produce antimicrobial compounds was also evaluated.
To optimize the production of metabolites, four isolates were submitted to
liquid medium and the crude extracts of different culture times were analyzed.
EF of leaves of Qualimax and SF15 genotypes were
isolated after superficial disinfection. Fungal identification was made using
classical taxonomy. As results, the traditional system presented the lowest
number EF isolates, while the minimum system showed the highest. The genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Curvularia and Syncephalastrum were found; Aspergillus spp. was pointed out as a predominant
endophyte of genotype Qualimax. Among the 25 endophytes
submitted antimicrobial activity assay in solid medium, 21 presented
antibacterial activity against at least one bacterium with the highest
inhibition zone of 29.3 mm of diameter against Staphylococcus aureus. All EF submitted to liquid medium kept the
capacity to produce antibacterial metabolites. In conclusion, regardless of
genotype and culture system, sorghum is colonized by different EF, mainly Aspergillus spp. EF from leaves of S. bicolor produce antibacterial
compounds and their biotechnological applications can be explored in future.
KEYWORDS
Plant microbiome, genotypes, sorghum, semi-arid, antimicrobial compounds.
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