The Health Education Program Implemented by Nurses Can Improve Blood Pressure Control and Quality of Life in Hypertensive Patients?
Author(s)
Guerra, Grazia Maria1,2, Lopes, Heno Ferreira1, Freitas, Elizangela de Oliveira3, Tsunemi, Miriam H.4, Giorgi, Dante Marcelo Artigas1, Vieira, Margarida5, Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda M.1 and Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido1
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DOI:10.17265/2328-7136/2018.05.006
Affiliation(s)
1. Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor, HC, FMUSP), Medical School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil
2. São Camilo University Centers, São Paulo, SP 05022-000, Brazil
3. Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
4. Biostatistics Departament, Biosciense Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
5. Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), Porto 4169-005, Portugal
ABSTRACT
The
relational strategies in group are to improve patient’s BP (blood pressure) control
and QoL (quality of life).
Methods: Twenty-one hypertensive patients were randomized into two groups:
group A (10 patients, age 67 ± 6 years, BMI (body
mass index) 28.3 ± 6 kg/m2) was
applied relational strategies, with meetings every 15 days 8 meetings; group B
(11 patients, age 58 ± 13 years, BMI 28.2 ± 3 kg/m2)
with meetings for group orientation every 40 days 3 meetings. The
patients were monitored: at baseline (day 15) and at the end of the study (day 120), the BP was measured by auscultatory method and the QoL questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF)
was applied, and was submitted to the examination with ABPM (ambulatory blood
pressure monitoring). Results: after 120 days there was a greater (p < 0.05)
reduction in SBP (systolic blood pressure) in
group A (37.8 ± 25 mmHg) than in group B (18 ± 9 mmHg), but DBP (diastolic blood
pressure) decreased similarly in both groups (A, 15 ± 21 vs B, 13 ± 14 mmHg); the HR (heart rate) reduction was larger (p < 0.05)
in group A (60.6 ± 8.9 bpm) than in group B (69.7 ± 10.7 bpm). There was a more significant BMI
decrease (p < 0.01) in group A (27.8 ± 5 kg/m2) than in group B (28.9 ± 4 kg/m2). The observed correlations between physical domain and nightime DBP (at
day 120) in ABPM were r = -0.712 (negative correlation, p = 0.003); between psychological domain and SBP
sleep time (at day 120) in ABPM
were r = -0.527 (negative
correlation, p = 0.044); between environmental domain and daytime Δ
HR in ABPM were r = -0.573 (negative correlation, p = 0.007). Conclusion: the health education program conducted through interpersonal
relationships within groups provided better control of SBP and greater
reduction in BMI.
KEYWORDS
Hypertension, nursing,
health education, adherence therapy.
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