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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
A Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Analysis of KOSHIWARI Exercise
Author(s)
Hirokazu Suhara1, Kazumichi Ae2, Miki Nariai1, Hitoshi Shiraki1,3 and Shumpei Miyakawa1,3
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DOI:10.17265/2332-7839/2018.03.003
Affiliation(s)
1. Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture 305-8577, Tsukuba City, Japan
2. Sports Research and Development Core, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture 305-8577, Tsukuba City, Japan
3. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture 305-8577, Tsukuba City, Japan
ABSTRACT
The koshiwari
(Sumo Squat) is a traditional exercise used for basic training for sumo
wrestling, the national sport of Japan. This study compares and analyzes the
kinetics and kinematics of the koshiwari and squat with wide-stance (WSQ) to
provide insight related to the mechanical features of the koshiwari. Optical
three-dimensional automatic analysis instruments were used to measure movements
of 11 men during exercises. A force platform was used to measure floor reactions.
Two movements were analyzed: koshiwari and WSQ. The koshiwari and WSQ were
compared as analytical objectives, using paired t-tests corresponding to correction joint angles, angular impulse,
and joint torques with the level of significance set under 5%. Koshiwari was
found to involve markedly greater excursions of abduction (maximum and minimum
angle, correction angle to 20%-60%) and external
rotation (maximum and minimum angle) at the hip compared with the WSQ, as well
as markedly less hip flexion (maximum angle, correction angle 10%-90%) and torso
forward tilt (maximum angle, correction angle 30%-100%). Koshiwari also involved greater extension-flexion axis,
abduction-adduction axis,
external rotation-internal
rotation axis angular impulse and flexion (10%-100%), adduction (40%-60%), and external rotation (20%) torques at the hip
than WSQ exercises. Results suggest that hip external rotation torque is
attributable to hip external rotator muscle activity. The activity can
apparently reduce the risk of ACL (Anterior cruciate ligament) injuries and patellofemoral pain syndrome and improve
athletic performance.
KEYWORDS
Koshiwari exercise, sumo squat, hip joint, joint angle, joint torque.
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