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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT OF CONSERVATION AREAS
Author(s)
José Manuel Elija Guamba, PhD
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DOI:10.17265/1548-6605/2017.12.004
Affiliation(s)
ABSTRACT
The management of conservation
areas in some countries, has run into a growing demand for the involvement of
stakeholders and communities in decision-making for the management of natural
resources, particularly at local level. There are three issues around the debate: the
distribution of authority and responsibilities in decision-making; the
distribution of costs and benefits and issues related to sustainability at the
local level (ecological, social and economic). These issues have to do with the
flow of the existing distribution of the authority, responsibilities, and
benefits that are not equitable and
sustainable. The stakeholders and communities, require their point of views and
responsibilities in decision-making for the management of natural resources are
considered, and the benefits of there are shared equitably. Natural resources have
always been present in discussions about the productive activities and in
particular on the modes of production. The position occupied by nature into the
economic discussion occurs basically due to the way in which natural resources
are allocated in the production process, namely, the environmental issue has
always been a problem, ultimately, inter-temporal allocation of resources
between consumption and investment (Palmer, R. 2003, p. 1). This article discusses the
challenges of a participatory management process of conservation areas; in
search of new instruments and institutional arrangements that make effective
conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems in protected areas. More
specifically, the focus of the research was focused on the analysis of the
relationship between the new institutional arrangements and patterns of
interaction between the different actors involved in the management of
conservation areas. The
analytical approach was based on the theory of natural resources management and
complemented by recent contributions coming from research in the political
sociology, poverty and environment areas, about the phenomenon of “participation”. The local dimension, while integrative synthesis
between the natural and the human, historical and spatially localized, makes
essential a participatory management of conservation areas in countries like
Mozambique, as it allows the understanding and the transformation of social
relations that are performed from a given mode of production and organization
established in a defined space for protection and conservation.
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