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Cultural Pattern of Rhetorical Move in Indonesian Students’ Speeches
Oikurema Purwati
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5836/2018.04.014
The State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
In analysing a speech genre, genre analysis is applied. Genre analysis is a recent trend in discourse analysis. It combines socio-cultural and psycholinguistic aspect of text construction and interpretation. This analysis aims to show what extent surface linguistic forms align with given standardized communicative events. To construct a text, a speaker should master its schematic structure. The schematic structure consists of organizing the rhetoric. It covers the macro-stages which can be classified into introductory stage, body stage, and concluding stage. The rhetorical organization/structure (micro moves) of a speech genre includes “opening marker”, “gambit”, “narration”, and “marker” in the introductory stage; “claim”, “confutation”, “confirmation”, and “concession” in the body stage; “marker”, “appeal/recommendation”, and a closing in the body stage. By studying the schematic structure, it can be recognized how the students construct the genre, whether they follow the linear pattern offered or their construction of speech is influenced by their native cultural way of thinking. In sequencing the micro moves, the students followed the sequence offered in the framework of speech genre. Although there was a slight difference in sequencing the moves, in general the students have conformed to the proposed sequence. The variety of sequencing the moves was prompted by the native language and cultural background (Javanese and Chinese). Since rhetorical organization varies from culture to culture, it can be tolerated that the students have a variety in sequencing the moves.
genre analysis, move, hortatory exposition, culture, speech
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