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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Human Behavior in Downtown Public Spaces during Cooling Periods in Winter Cities
Author(s)
Minori Kusaka, Tsuyoshi Setoguchi, Norihiro Watanabe, Zhiming Guo and Anasutasiia Paukaeva
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DOI:10.17265/1934-7359/2018.01.001
Affiliation(s)
Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School of Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
ABSTRACT
There is an
urban design problem that outdoor public spaces are not used for
long periods of time within a year due to coldness and snow cover in cities
with severe winter climates (winter cities). Therefore, an urban design that promotes activities in these
spaces is required for winter cities. The purpose of this
paper is to clarify the
relationship between outdoor environmental conditions and the behaviors of
people in outdoor public spaces. This six-month study conducted a field survey in
six kinds of public spaces in downtown Sapporo and
analyzed the changes of microclimates and sitting behaviors in these spaces. The analysis revealed that sitting behaviors decreased with temperature drops
during the cooling period (20 °C-8 °C), that sunlight
could suppress the reduction in the number of sitting behaviors, and that wind
speed could suppress the reduction in the duration of sitting behaviors.
KEYWORDS
Winter city, microclimate, public space, urban open space, actual usage, field measurement, outdoor environment.
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