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Article

Open Access

The Transcriptional Response of Arabidopsis thaliana L. Genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1 to X-Ray Radiation

Author(s)

Sergey Litvinov and Namik Rashydov

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DOI:10.17265/2161-6256/2017.01.008

Affiliation(s)

Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 148 Zabolotnogo, Kiev-03143, Ukraine

ABSTRACT

The study of influence of the fractionated and acute ionizing radiation on plants revealed that it is able to induce genomic instability. The hypothesis that transcription rate of several evolutionary conserved DNA repair genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1, which keeps genome stability in cells of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, changes differently depending on dose and mode of ionizing radiation exposure had been tested. Gel electrophoresis-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used for quantifying mRNA transcription levels. The data demonstrated that mode and dose of irradiation affect transcription rate of the genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1. The fractionated and acute X-ray irradiation may result in adaptive response through the induction of key DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair genes AtKu70 and AtRAD51, as well as in genome instability through transcriptional activation of error-prone AtRad1-mediated DNA DSB repair combined with decreased expression of AtRAD51. In plants at doses within the range of 3-9 Gy, an adaptive influence is prevailed, but at doses of 12-21 Gy an error-prone repair of double-strand DNA damage is activated. Fractionation of dose has a significant effect on the transcription of the genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1 only at doses of 15 Gy and 21 Gy. Acute dose of 15 Gy activates error-prone AtRad1-mediated DSB repair and repressed both AtRAD51-dependent and AtKu70-dependent repair pathways, while fractionated irradiation at the same total dose induces more accurate homologous recombination and canonical non-homologous end joining of the DNA strands. In case of A. thaliana exposed to X-rays at dose 21 Gy, the situation is going reversed because of strong induction of the all three genome caretaker genes in leaves of acutely irradiated plants in contrast to the plants under fractionated exposure.

KEYWORDS

X-ray exposure, DNA repair, gene expression, transcription rate, genome instability.

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